A inteligibilidade da palavra em igrejas católicas, através de análises de carácter objectivo e subjectivo
Lencastre, Margarida Maria Mendes de Freitas de Queiroz e
1988-01-01
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The use of Pyroelectic array detectors in Infrared cameras in the 8 to 14µm region necessitates a means for area-modulation, or 'chopping' of the infrared scene, thus generating an element of change for measurement by the detector. Currently this is achieved by mechanically 'chopping' the image using a rotating blade, with drawbacks such high electric motor power, and 'blurring' as camera motion changes the rotational speed. Adequate modulation using a novel method has been achieved in the 8 to 14µm region by introducing moderate levels of excess carriers to suitably prepared Germanium. These were introduced via excitation from a diode laser source. The process utilised is greatly superior to existing attempts to produce a broadband area-modulation device. The process described uses inter valence band transitions from the light-hole t...
There is burgeoning interest in the possibility that 'Terahertz' measurements will yield novel biological information. This relates primarily to the fact that proteins and other large molecules have many low frequency modes which fall in the Terahertz region and which may give structural information. Additionally there is interest in possible measurements of 'mechanical' resonance modes of membranes in structures such as liposomes.We describe a proposed multiplexed near field microscope which can collect fully spectrally resolved information on up to ~100 pixels simultaneously using one high quality detector. Resolution of a few microns appears feasible (possibly rather better at the top end of the Terahertz range.) The microscope is ideally suited for use with coherently enhanced synchrotron radiation sources provided they run in CW m...
Systemic inflammation gives rise to metabolic and behavioural changes, largely mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin production (PGE2) at the blood–brain barrier. Despite numerous studies, the exact biological pathways that give rise to these changes remains elusive. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying immune-to-brain communication following systemic inflammation using various anti-inflammatory agents.
Mice were pre-treated with selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors, thromboxane synthase inhibitors or dexamethasone, followed by intra-peritoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Changes in body temperature, open-field activity, and burrowing were assessed and mRNA and/or protein levels of inflammatory mediators measured in serum and brain.
LPS-induced systemic inflammation resulted in behavio...
Background: Dizziness is a very common symptom that often leads to reduced quality of life, anxiety and
emotional distress, loss of fitness, lack of confidence in balance, unsteadiness and an increased risk of
falling. Most dizzy patients are managed in primary care by reassurance and medication to suppress
symptoms. Trials have shown that chronic dizziness can be treated effectively in primary care using a selfhelp
booklet to teach patients vestibular rehabilitation exercises that promote neurological adaptation and
skill and confidence in balance. However, brief support from a trained nurse was provided in these trials,
and this model of managing dizzy patients has not been taken up due to a lack of skills and resources in
primary care. The aim of this trial is to evaluate two new alternative models of delivery that may be more
feasi...
We report on the fabrication of optical channel waveguides inside KY(WO4)2 crystals, both undoped and Yb-doped, for applications in compact solid-state lasers and three-dimensional photonic devices. Nonlinear absorption of femtosecond laser pulses has been employed in order to induce refractive-index changes in these crystals. The irradiation damage results in a decrease of the material density compared to the surrounding bulk. In this work, two types of buried channel waveguides have been fabricated in the KY(WO4)2 crystals. First ones (type I) were formed in the vicinity of the irradiated regions due to the presence of an induced compressive lattice strain, which causes an increase of the local refractive index. Light can be better confined in the second (type II) of channel waveguides that are created between pairs of damaged region...
To meet targets imposed by the European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) it is vital that
measures to improve the status of rivers are both effective and economically viable. Achievement of such
aims needs robust understanding of biological responses to changes in water quality vis-a` -vis
mechanisms of and constraints to the colonization of previously polluted sites. This study therefore
examined the long-term chemical and biological changes in historically polluted rivers to elucidate the
responses of macroinvertebrate biota to improvements in chemical water quality. For three historically
polluted sites in the English Midlands, data from surveys over a period of ca. 50 years were analysed.
Ammonia (NH3) and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) were used as chemical water quality
indicators. Variations in the ecological recov...
Spectroscopic and vanadium K-edge EXAFS data on VO2Cl suggest a structure based upon a dimeric OClV(-O)2VClO core linked by longer V···Cl interactions into a polymer. The crystal structure of [{Cl2VO(O2PCl2)(POCl3)}2], obtained from VO2Cland POCl3, shows a centrosymmetric dimer with bridgingPO2Cl2 groups, and terminal POCl3 ligands O-coordinated to each vanadium atom. Cl14O8P4V2: Space group P, Z = 1, lattice dimensions at 120 K: a = 8.039(2), b = 8.1641(15), c = 10.308(3) Å, = 92.586(15), = 103.829(10), = 106.963(15)°; R1 = 0.065.
Objective - This research examined cognitions and behaviour that are typically associated with social phobia, in people with paranoia. Content specificity of thoughts and beliefs, particular metacognitive processes, and behaviour were assessed in people with social phobia and persecutory delusions. The aim was to determine the extent to which socially anxious cognitions and behaviour are experienced by people with persecutory delusions, in order to further our understanding of paranoia and to consider the implications for therapeutic work.
Design - We used a cross-sectional between-subjects design to compare participants with social phobia, persecutory delusions (without social phobia), a clinical control group with panic disorder, and a non-clinical control group.
Method - Ten to 15 people were recruited to each of the four groups, wi...
